Duplicating machine



Jan.' 6, 1942'. H. HERMANN 2,268,657 l DUPLICTING 'MACHINE Filed March-11e, 1940 A 4 sheets-sheet 1 INVENTOR Haz rryHer/fz Q72 Jan. 6,1942. H, HERMANN 2,268,657

DUPLICATING MACHINE v l Filed March 16, 1940 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Jan. 6, 1942.

H. HERMANN DUPLICAT ING MACHINE Filed March 16, 1940 4 sheets-sheet s INVENTOR frczrrgrmann,

ATTORN Y Jan. 6, 1942.

H. HERMANN DUPLICATING MACHINE 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed March 1e 1940 1.1.1.1. f. Ylllllllllllllll lNvEN'roR Harry-fferm c2222,

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Patented Jan. 6, 1942 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE DUPLICATING MACHINE Harry Hermann, New York, N. Y.

Application Mamma, 1940, serial No. 324,291

31 claims. (Crm1-132.5)

This invention relates to duplicating machines; and particularly to the type wherein a master leaf coated with a requisite printing compound is mounted over a rotatable impression cylinder, an alcoholic compound is preliminarily applied over the blank sheet, and the treated sheet is then fed in printing contact with said master carrying cylinder.

The principal object of the invention is to provide a .duplicating machine of the above type having improved efficiency and enhanced automaticv performance, with increased' speed and finer printing.

Another object is to provide the machine with means to print on many stocks of varying sizes, thicknesses, and grades, and to perform the printing on such stocks with neness, improved accuracy of alignment, and extreme closeness to the Very edges of the sheet.

A further object is to provide the machine with means whereby work on any of saidstocks will leave the sheets without impairment of their original atness.

A still further object is to providean improved I feeding table for the machine, with improved means for the imtial lateral alignment of the sheets preliminary to printing.

Another object is to provide the impression and Contact cylinders of the machine with improved means for altering, adjusting, and setting the relative distance between them to conform to the thicknesses of -said various stocks, and to interchange such settings rapidly and with convenience to conform with frequent change of work on;diferent stocks.

Another object is to provide the contact cylinder'with means for renewal of its peripheral lining, and with convenient and ready means for restoring the Itautness of said lining. n

Another object is to provide the machine with improved automatic means for applying the alcoholic solvent to the sheets, preliminary to the printing step, and to guard Vagainst said solvent reaching unwonted parts of the machine. y

Another object is to provide the machine with animprovedsolvent applying pad for the sheets,

` having improved uniform impregnation, with means for selectively controlling thel impregnation of partial areas of the pad.

Another object is to provide the machine with improved automatic means for supplying the solvent to the applying pad, and to perform the supply over selected rareas of the pad.

Other objects and advantages will hereinafter appear.- In the accompanying drawings,

few

y machine, as seen from the arrows 3--3 in Fig. 2.

Figs. 4, 5, 6 are fragmentary transverse-sectional elevational views, taken on lines indicated in Fig. 2, in an enlarged scale, illustrating several steps in the operation of the machine with corresponding relations of the parts of the ma'- chine.

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary plan view, similar to Fig. 2,`with some of the machine-parts removed to illustrate certain mechanism of the machine,

as seen from line and arrows 1 1, Fig. 4.

Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional front elevation of the machine, showing its solvent supplying devices for the impregnated applying pad, taken on the line 8--8 in Fig. 4.

Fig. 9 is a plan view illustrating the solvent applying pad of the machine, as seen from line and arrows 9 9 in Fig. `4.

In the machine frame I proper is rotatably mounted a lower contact cylinder 2 having a diameter equal to that of the upper impression cylinder 3 which is in turn rotatably mounted in a secondary frame l pivoted on a shaft 5 secured to the frame I, wherebythe `frame 4 together with the cylinder 3 are swingable upwardly and chine frame 4 and carries a gear 8 that meshes with a pinion 9 keyed 'upon the axle journal II) of the cylinder 3, and said journal in turn carries a large transmission gear II that meshes with a similar gear I2 keyed on journal I3 of the lower cylinder 2, the ratio of gear 8 Aand pinion 9 being such that when the crank 6 is revolved 'clockwise twice the upper impression cylinder 3 performs a single rotation, in a ycounterclc'ickwise direction as viewed in Fig. 1, while the geared lower contact cylinder 2 'performs a similar op? posite rotation, both of said cylinders thereby rotating at equal peripheral speeds.` On the frame I is fulcrum'ed a leverV I4 at I5, one endof which'is drawn by a spring I 6 depending from said frame, while its opposite end carries a roller roller I'Lenters the notch I9 and thereby arrests both of the geared cooperating cylinders 3, 2, for performing the various functions of the machine, as will be seen.

In front of the cylinders 3, 2 is-provided a table 20, mounted on the frame on which are stacked the sheets 2| to be printed, and a directing chute 23 for said sheets slopes downwardly from said table to a location close to the periphery of cylinder 2, near the bight of the cylinders. Directly above the end portion of the sheet director 23 is located a saturated pad 22, for the duplicating process, which will be hereinafter fully described.

The contact cylinder 2 is lined with a blanket 24 of rubber or similar material, and is'providedwith a gap 25 through which the ends-of the blanket pass inwardly and are fastened to a pair of rods 25, 21 by means of screws 28, which rods are carried by the cylinder, whereby-when the blanket 24 becomes inoperative through use it may be readily removed from the cylinder and a new blanket therefor substituted. The rod 21 is rotatably mounted and carries a ratchet 29 which cooperates with a spring-pressed pawl 30, by which means said rod may be rotated to draw the entire blanket tov requisite tautness and to restore any impaired tautness to it. By means of these provisions, therefore, the peripheral contacting function of the cylinder 2 is at ...all times conveniently maintained in proper condition.

In gap 25 and to cylinder edge 3| thereat -is secured a plate 32, against which the leading edges of sheets 2| abut when directed toward the cylinders 3, 2, this rstopping location of said gap and plate occurring when the cylinder 2 is arrested by the action of spring-actuated roller |1 and disk-notch I9, Fig. l, and said plate is provided with a series of notches 33, Figs. 4, '1. In gap 25 and to the heads of the ycylinderis mounted a rock shaft 34 to which are keyedV a plurality of hubs 35, to each of which is secured by a screw 36 a blade 31. When the shaft Y34 yis rocked to swing the hubs 35 'toward the right, as viewed in Fig. 4, the blades 31 are actuated to a position off the periphery of cylinder 2, while when swung-.backwardly the vblades 31 enter the notches 33-of abutting plate 32 and thereby -grip the leading edge 2 la of directed sheet2 Ib firmly tothe face or periphery of the cylinder, asillustrated in Fig. 6. The rock-shaft 34 carries a pawl 38 drawn by a spring 39 rtov a cam 4|) secured to the machine frame During rotation of the cylinder 2 the pawl` 38 is held under tension against the rim 40o-of said-cam, until the cylinder assumes its resting period, but on commencement of rotation of the cylinder said pawl is drawn into the depress-ion 48e of said cam and thereby rocks the shaft to actuate its blades 31 to perform their gripping of the sheet-edge 2|a, Figs. 4, 6. Further rotationof the cylinder 2, therefore, causes the gripping blades 31 to draw the sheet 2lb onto Contact with the periphery of the cylinder and between both cylinders 3, 2, Fig. 5. During this interval the pawl 38-is held againstxthe low region 40C of cam 48, to thus maintain the gripping blades 31 in operative hold on'ithe sheet, but when thesheet-2lb leaves therear bight'of the cylindersV 3, 2, Fig. 5, the pawl-38 is returned by the-ridge 45d of the cam to its high or normal rim 40a, whereupon the shaft 34 is rocked backwardlyto actuate the gripping blades 31'to release the sheet, as illustrated. Said sheet is' thenrconveyed by i the printing operation` of thev cylinders: 3,.'2, and

as it emerges from their rear it is dropped upon a chute 4| which deposits it upon a stack 42, Fig. 1. The printing is performed by utilization of any master leaf 43 mounted on the impression cylinder 3 by any suitable means, as by gripping its leading edge 43a with a flat bar 44 in an indentation 45 in the periphery of the cylinder, and the terminals of bar 44 carrying arms 46 pivoted in eccentric Shanks 41 forming part of levers 48 in turn pivoted on the ends of the cylinder.

The solvent saturated pad 22 is maintained in a casing 5D carrying a bar 5| which is removably mounted into and out of slots 52 formed in a framing 53 fixed to a rock-shaft 54 journaled in the machine frame I, a roong 55 cf said framing covering up the pad for protection of the impression cylinder 3 and master leaf 43. The casing 5|) and the pad 22 areV thus removable from the framing 53 for the examination or replenishment of said pad, and are reinseriible thereinto in operative position. When thus replaced the casing 50 is locked to framing 53 by levers 5B pivoted on the rock shaft 54 having notches 51 which bind upon rounded terminals 58 provided for the bar 5|, Figs. l, 9. The framing 53 is drawn upwardly at its left end, as viewed in Fig. 4, by a spring 59 joined thereto and depending from the machine frame I, and the rock-shaft 54 is provided with an arm 50 carrying a roller 6| that rides upon the extreme edge 62 of the cylinder 2, Figs. 5, 2, while the cylinders 3, 2 are rotating, in which manner the casing 50 and pad 22 are maintained in operative position, with theworking edge 62 of the latter contacting with feeding sheet 2lb for applying the alcoholic solvent thereon while it travels into the machine, as required byV this duplicating printingprocess. As, however, the cylinder 2 assumes its next arrested period, a cam-plate 63 ,secured to said cylinder strikes ythe roller 6I and thereby rocks the shaft 54 with depending framing 53, casing 50, and pad 22, to elevate the operative edge 62 of the-latter, as shown in Fig. 4, to permit the next directed sheet 2 Ib to be moved forwardly with its leading edge 2|a in abutment with plate 32,- for subsequent gripping of said sheet by the blades 31. As the next rotation of cylinder 2 commences the roller 6| leaves the cam 53 and drops to the periphery of the cylinder, thereby restoring the pad 22 to operative contact with the advancing sheet 2lb. At the location of this contact the underside of the feeding sheet 2lby is backed oy an apron 64 urged under tensionth-reagainst lby a spring 65 wound around a shaft 6 bearing upon arms 61 which support the iipron and are in turn carried by said-shaft, Fig. 4. The apxn 64 is positioned in a gap between the terminal of chute 23 and cylinder 2 and thereby protects the latter against accidental reaching of solvent thereto, as well as preventing solvent from reaching said directing chute. The rockable framing 53 and casing 5llv maintain the pad 22 in the sloped position illustrated in Fig. 4, for vital reasons which will be hereinafter described.

Directly above the pad 22 with its operating parts and in front of the impression cylinder 3 are situated a reservoir 1|) for alcoholic solvent, together with devices and mechanism for supplying and particular feeding of the solvent to said pad. This mode of disposition of the reservoir and devices enables the operative to maintain regular and convenient observation and control of the solvent supply and feed, which is highly conducive to the efficient operation of the duplicating machine.

The reservoir I consists of an elongated hori-` zontal tank 1I, Figs. 4, 8, equipped with a window I2 for therethrough noting the existing level of the content of alcoholic solvent 73, and graduation marks 'I4 are provided along said window, showing the volumes of existing contents, wherewith the operative is at all times aware of the amount of available solvent content in the apparatus, and accidental or sudden absence of the solvent is prevented. The reservoir 'I0 is secured to the machine frame I, by lugs I5 thereof and bolts '16, and to its underside are secured bearing-like parts II having inlets 'I8 leading directly to outlets 'I9 in tank 1|. A shaft 80 is rotatably mounted in framing 8|, depending from the tank 'Il and carries cylinders 82` that are located within the bearing lttingly and are in turn rotatable therein. The ,bearings 'Il are provided with outlets 83 leading to transparent cups 84, joined to said bearings, and said cups are in turn connected to'lengths of hose 85 which terminate within the casing 50 and over particular places of the pad 22, as shown in Figs. 4, 9. Each outlet 'I9 forms a seat fora valve 85 carried on a spindle 8`| having a shank-88 that threads in a tapped guideS secured to the top of tank '1| and terminating in a finger-piece 90. By turning the finger-piece 90, therefore, the valve 83 may be closed or opened to any desired degree, to regulate the ow of solvent through outlet 'I9 accordingly. On rotation of either cylinder 82 a series of longitudinal indentations 9| thereof successively fill with small quantities of the solvent fed thereinto by the conjoint outlet '19 and inlet 78, and accordingly pour these quantities into the hose 85, through outlet 83 and cup 84, which solvent thereby reaches the pad 82. The bearings 'I'I and tting cylinders 82 are conical, and a spring 92 wound around shaft 80 presses on a collar 93, secured to said shaft, and on framing 8|, whereby a tensional fitting contact is produced between said cylinders and bearings, to guard against possible leakage between these parts. The shaft 8B carries a star-wheel 95, Fig. 4, with which meshes one or more pins 913 carried by 'the impression cylinder 3, las the latter rotates during operation of the machine. The tank 'itis equipped with"an inlet` 96 and plug 'Sl for filling the alcoholic solvent thereinto.

During operation Vof the machine in the duplicating work, the impression cylinder?, rotates theiwheel "m shaft 80, and cylinders 82 fractionally and intermittently, and small quantities of the solvent are accordingly taken up by said cylinders `and directed into the conducting hose 85,which feed the solvent over the two places of the pad 22, as shown in Fig. 9. As this feed proceeds the solvent dripping canbe observed through the transparent cups 84, and the extent of the feed regulated by opening the valves 88 to the degree required by manipulating the finger pieces 90, so as 'to in turn maintain the saturation of the pad 22 in accordance with requirements. Due to the inclination of the pad 22, as seen in Fig. 4, and the discharge of the solvent ata plurality of places in the rear regions of the pad, as illustrated inFig. 9, the solvent spreads spreads through the pad by absorption plus gravitational action in the fan-like manner illustrated by the darker shaded areas 98, with the consequence that the leading operative edge 99 receives the requisite and uniform degree and mode of saturation needed for application upon the fed sheets 2|. the machine on only the right or left hand halves of said sheets, either of the handles may be turned to close the valve v86 entirely to completely shut olf the feed of solvent to a corresponding lateral half portion of the pad 22, which selectivity and fractional saturation of the pad is obviously very advantageous for the duplicating work.

In order to provide for Working with the machine on different thicknesses and grades of paper stock, and to regulate the pressure between the cylinders 3, 2 for varying conditions of the master leaf 43, the impression cylinder 3 may be set to a higher or lower degreein the following manner. Studs |00 secured to both sides of the machine frame Figs. 1, 2, carry toggle bolts lili thatare in turn pivoted on shanks |02 that form part of and are eccentric to the extremities of the journals I0 of upper cylinder 3, as illustrated in Fig. 3, and to one of theshanks |02 issecured a knob |03' that carriesA a bolt |04 terminating in a spring-pressed detent |05, Figs. 2, 3. A sectoral plate |01 is secured to the machine frame opposite to the bolt |04, and said plate is provided with a series of grooves |06 that are radial to the mean centers of shank |02 and journal l0, whereby on turning the knob |03 fractionally it will be set to a plurality of positions by the spring-pressed detent |05 dropping into a selected groove |06 and interlocking said knob 'with the plate |03 at such groove. By turning the knob |03 fractionally, therefore, the eccentric terminal shanks |02 bearing upon the pivots of toggles |0| cause the journals |0 and cylinder 3 to rise and fall in parallelism with the lower cylinder 2, whereby the distance and pressures between said cylinders may be altered, and locked in such selected positions bythe coaction of detent |05 with radial grooves |06.

- The paper table 20 and directing shute 23 for the sheets to be fed is provided with guiding rail |08 positively secured theretoor forming an integral part thereof, and tothe underside of said table are secured lugs |09 that are laterally slidably mounted 'on shafts1 I0," carried by the machine frame A threaded shaft l2 rotatably mounted in frame I as shown carries a knob I3 and passes through tapped lugs ||4 secured tothe underside of table 20, whereby on turning said knob the entire table 20 with its rail |08 may be moved laterally tov adjust said rail to precise marginal printing requirements,

by which means a very fine and accurate alignment of the printing work may be secured, free from any accidental dislocation. AArrindex I|5 carried by table 20 indicates on a scale ||8 the extent of later-al setting-of rail |08. l The similarity of the diameters of both cylinders 3, 2, their consequently similar peripheral speed, being both positively driven, result in lthe printed stock leaving the machine in its initial fiat state, as well as speedier and superiorl printing results. By virtue of the bladesy 3l, coacting with the abutting plate 32, gripping the sheet extremely close to its very edge and conveying the fed sheet in this condition into the very bight of cylinders 3, 2, whereat the printing commences, there is acquired printing Work which reaches very sharply to the edge of the stock. 1

The above described provisions for improved pad saturation, regulation for solvent feed, pro- .moted conditions for observation .of the latter,`

and automatic operation of the solvent supplyingv In case work is Yrequired byf apparatus, also conduce to speedier and improved superior, duplication printing work.

In similar manner, it will be evident that all the mentioned advantages of the invention, as well as others, hereinabove alluded to, are fully carried out by this duplicating machine.

Variations may be resorted to within the scope of the invention, and portions of the improvements may be used without others.

Having thus described my invention, l claim:

1. A duplicating machine having the combination of an upper rotatable cylinder for carrying a master leaf, a table in front of said cylinder for thereupon directing sheets under the cylinder a lower rotatable icylinder for pressing said sheets against said master leaf, said table having thereon a fixed lateral guide for said sheets to insure permanence of position of said guide relatively to said table, said table being shiftable laterally relatively to said cylinders to effect the lateral setting of said guide relatively t-o said cylinders, and means to maintain said table in shifted position.

2. A solvent applying duplicating machine having the combination of an upper rotatable cylinder for carrying a master leaf, means for directing sheets under said cylinder, a device for applying solvent upon said sheets, a lower rotatable cylinder for pressing said sheets against said master leaf having a fixed axis, a diameter equal to that of said upper cylinder, and being intergeared and positively driven with said cylinder, and manually actuated means to set said upper cylinder in a motion of translation to positions toward and away from and in parallelism with said lower cylinder for duplicate printing on varying thickness of stock.

3. 'A solvent applying duplicating machine having the combination of an upper rotatable cylinder for carrying a master leaf, means for directing sheets under said cylinder, a device for applying solvent upon said sheets, a lower rotatable cylinder fior pressing said sheets against said master leaf having a fixed axis, a diameter equal to that of said upper cylinder, and being intergeared and positively driven with said cylinder, manually actuated means to shift the axis of said upper cylinder in parallelism toward and away from the axis of said lower cylinder to a plurality of selected positions, and means to set said upper axis in shifted selected positionfor duplicate printing on varying thickness of stock.

4. A solvent applying duplicating machine having the combination of an upper rotatable cylinder for carrying a master leaf, means for directing sheets under said cylinder, a device for applying solvent upon said sheets, a lower rotatable cylinder for pressing said sheets against said master leaf having a diameter equal to that of said upper cylinder and being intergeared and positively driven therewith, a stationary frame carrying said lower cylinder with its axis in a fixed state, a frame carrying said upper cylinder being pivoted relatively to said other frame for shifting said upper cylinder in parallelism toward andaway from said lower cylinder to a plurality of selected positions, and manually actuated means for setting said pivoted frame in a plurality of pivoted positions for duplicate printing on varying thickness of stock.

5. A solvent applying duplicating machine having the combination of an upper rotatable cylinder for carrying a master leaf, means for directing sheets under said cylinder, a device -for applying solvent upon said sheets, a lower rotatf able cylinder for pressing said sheets against said master leaf having a diameter equal to that of said -upper cylinder and being intergeared and positively driven therewith, a stationary frame carrying said lower cylinder with its axis in a fixed state, a frame carrying said upper cylinder being pivoted relatively to said other frame for shifting said upper cylinder in parallelism toward land away from said lower cylinder' to a plurality of selectedpositions, and manually actuated means to set said pivoted frame in a plurality of predetermined pivoted positions for duplicate printing on varying thickness of stock.

6. A solvent applying duplicating machine having the combination of an upper rotatable cylinder forcarrying a master leaf, means for directing sheets under said cylinder, a device for applying solvent upon said sheets, a lower rotatable cylinder for pressing said sheets against said master leaf having a diameter equal to that of said upper cylinder and being intergeared and positively driven therewith, said lower cylinder having a xed axis, manually actuated means to shift the axis of said upper cylinder in parallelism toward and away from the axis of saidy lower cylinder to a plurality of selected positions, and means to set said upper axis in a plurality of predetermined shifted positions for duplicate printing on varying thickness of stock.

7. A solvent applying duplicating machine having the combination of an upper rotatable.

cylinder for carrying a master leaf, means for directing sheets under said cylinder, a device over said directing means for applying solvent upon said sheets, a lower rotatable cylinder having a diameter equal to that of said upper cylinder for pressing said sheets against said master leaf intergeared with said upper cylinder', means to positively drive each of said cylinders at same peripheral speed, said lower cylinder carrying mechanismfor gripping the leading end of said directed sheet to its periphery and to release said gripping, and means actuating said mechanism to cause it to grip the sheet to the lower cylinder and carry it through the bight of both cylinders and to release the sheet upon its emergence from said bight to permit advancement of the sheet -by the peripheries of both cylinders.

8. A solvent applying duplicating machine having the combination of an upper rotatable cylinder for carrying a master leaf, means for directing sheets under said cylinder, a device over said directing means for applying solvent upon said sheets, a lower rotatable cylinder for pressing said sheets against said master leaf being intergeared with said upper cylinder, means to drive saidcylinders, means to arrest the rotation of said cylinders, kand said lower cylinder carrying a member for abutting the leading edges of said directed sheets thereagainst upon said `arrest of the lower cylinder.

9. A solvent applying duplicating machine having the combinationof an upper rotatable cylinder for carrying a master leaf, means for directing sheets under said cylinder, a device over said directing means for applying solvent upon said sheets, a lower rotatable cylinder for pressing said sheets against said master leaf being intergeared with said upper cylinder, means to drive said cylinders, means to arrest the rotation of said cylinders, and said lower cylinder carrying a member within it vfor abutting the leading edges of saiddirected sheets thereagainst upon said arrestof the lower cylinder.

i0. A solvent applying duplicating machine having the combination of an upper rotatable cylinder for carrying a master leaf, means for directing sheets under said cylinder, a device over said directing means for applying solvent V vupon said sheets, a lower rotatable cylinder for pressing said sheets against said master leaf having a diameter equal to that of said upper Vcylinder and being intergeared with said cylinder, means to drive said cylinders, meansy to ar- .said gripping, means to actuate said mechanism to release said gripping when the leading ends (12gv of said sheets have passed out from between said cylinders, and said mechanismV and actuating means being operated by said driving means.

` 11. A solvent applying duplicating machine fl@ rest the rotation of said cylinders, said lower cylhaving the combination of an upper rotatable i5 cylinder for carrying a master leaf, means for directing sheets under said cylinder,a device over said directing means for applying solvent upon said sheets, a lower rotatable cylinder for pressing said sheets against said master leaf 39 having a diameter equalto that of said upper cylinder and being intergeared with said cylinder, means to drive said cylinders, means to arrest the rotation of said cylinders, said lower cylinder carrying a member within it for abutting the leading edges of said directed sheets thereagainst upon said arrest of the lower cylinder, said lower cylinder carrying within it a rock shaft, said shaft carrying a blade adapted to grip the leading ends of said sheets to the pe- @4,0

riphery of said lower cylinder whenrtheir said edges are in abutment with said member, said lower cylinder carrying mechanism for rocking said shaft, means to actuate vsaid mechanism to rock said shaft to cause said bladeto perform;

said grip, means to actuate said mechanism to rock said shaft -to cause said blade to release said grip when the leading ends of said sheets have passed out from between said cylinders, and

said actuating means being operated by saidpp driving means.

12. A duplicating machine having the combination of an upper rotatable cylinder for carrying a master leaf, means for directing sheets under said cylinder, a lower rotatable cylinder E,

for pressing saidl sheets against saidfmaster leaf, a pad to contact the top surfaces of said sheets for applying solvent located above said directing means, a pivoted apron for backing the undersides of said sheets while contacted by said pad(y being located beyond the terminal of said means and between said pad and lower cylinder, and a spring normally maintaining said apron outy of contact with said lower cylinder. 1

1 13. A duplicating machine having the coin-,-

lunder .the periphery of said lower cylinder during said gripping and over said periphery during said releasing, a pad'to contact the top surfaces of said sheetsfor applying solvent locatedvabove vsaid directing means, an apron for backing the undersides of said sheets while contacted yby said pad being located beyond the -terminalof said means .and between said pad and lower cylinder,

and said apron being pivotally mounted to permit said device to pass thereunder while yit is in releasedstate. I

I 1 4. A duplicating machine having the combination of an upper rotatable cylinder for carrying a master leaf, means for directing sheets under said cylinder, a lower rotatable cylinder for pressing said sheets against said master leaf, means to drive said cylinders, means to arrest the rotation of said cylinders, said lower cylinder carrying a member for abutting the leading edges of said sheets thereagainst upon said arrest, said lower cylinder carrying mechanism for gripping the leading ends of said sheets to its periphery after disposal of said member for said abutlment, said mechanism releasing its gripping when the leading ends of said sheets have passed out from between said cylinders, said device being disposed under said periphery during said gripping and over said periphery during said releasing, a pad for contacting and applying solvent 'to said sheetsv located above said directing means, a casing for retaining said pad, an apron for backing the kundersides of said sheets while contacted by said pad being located beyond the terminal of said directing means and between said pad and lower cylinder, said apron being pivoted to permit said device to pass thereunder while it is inreleased sta-te, and mechanism to actuate said casing to contact said pad with said sheets after disposal of said member for said abutment and priorly to said gripping and to move said pad away upon said arrest.

l5. A duplicating machine having the combination of an upper rotatable cylinder for carrying a master leaf, means for directing sheets under said cylinder, a lower rotatable cylinder for pressing said sheets against said master leaf, means to drive said cylinders, means to arrestthe rotation of said cylinders, saidy lower Acylinder carrying a member for abutting the leading edges of said sheets thereagainst upon said arrest, said lower cylinder carrying mechanism for gripping the leading endsof said sheets to its periphery after disposal of said member for said abutment, said mechanism releasing its gripping upon emergence of the leadingend of said sheet from the bight of said cylinders to permit advancement of the sheet by the cylinders, a pad for contacting and applying solvent to said sheets located above said directing means, a casing for retaining said pad, and mechanism to actuate said casing to contact said pad with said sheets after disposal of said vmember for said abutment and .priorly to said 1 arrest.

bination of an upper rotatable cylinder for carrying a master leaf, means for directing sheets under said cylinder, a lower rotatable cylinder for pressing said sheets against said master leaf, meansto drive said cylinders, said lower cylin-f, der carrying within it a device for gripping -the leading ends of said sheets to its periphery, said device releasing its gripping when the leading ends of said sheets have passed. outkfrom between` said cylinders, said device being disposed",

16. A duplicating machinehaving the combination of an upper rotatable cylinder for carrying a m-aster leaf, means for directing sheets under said 1 cylinder, a lower rotatable cylinder for pressing lsaid sheets against said master leaf, means to drive said cylinders, means to arrest the rotation of said cylinders, said lower cylinder carrying a member for `abutting the leading edges of said sheets thereagainst upon said arrest, said lower cylinder carrying mechanismy for gripping the leading ends of said sheets to its 'periphery'after 6 "caesaer disposal of said member for said abutment, a pad for contacting and applying solvent to said sheets located above Asaid directing means, a casing for retaining said pad, and mechanism to actuate said-casing to contact said pad with said sheets after disposal of said member for abutment and to inove said pad away priorly to said disposal.

17. A duplicating machine having the combination of an upper rotatable cylinder for carrying a l'direnting sheets' under said cylinder, a'deviceover :saldi 'directing-#means for *applying* 'solventi-'upon said sheets,alcwer'rotatabIe cylinder for pressing fsaid' sheets Vagainst saidfmaste'r leafv` having a di `ameter equal-to that of said upperfcylinderfsaid fcylindrsfbei-ng- Jintergeared,said lower cylinder -havinga'gapdn itslperipherw said lower? cylinder havngits peripheryl composedI ofa yblanketof `resilient material, said-#lower cylinder having Ymaster leaf, means for directing sheetsunder said i10 means# withinsa'id ga'p- *00' mOUIi Said'bl'aket cylinder, a lower rotatable cylinder for pressing said sheets against said master leaf, means to drive vsaid cylinders, means to arrest the rotation of vsaid cylinders, said lower cylinder carrying a 'thereonJand-sto'demount it therefrom, and Asaid 'lower L'z'ylingierhavingmeansto draw said blanket for it'tautandlto restore said tautness. A 'i Csolvent #applying duplicating Y y machine member for abutting the leading edges of Vsaid 15 'having -Ytheicombinationof an upper rotatable sheets thereagainst upon said arrest, a pad for lcontacting and applying Vsolvent to said sheets located above said directing means, a casing for retaining saidf'pad, and mechanism to actuate after ldisposal of saidumemberfor abutment and to move said pad away priorly to said disposal.

I8-, In a duplicating machine, the combination of Aa pad for applying solvent to sheets, a reservoir feed the solvent from saidreservoir tothe rear of sai/d pad at a plurality of places, said pad sloping downwardly from said rear to produce uniform 'distribution of V`said solvent along -thelfront of said nsaidjc'as'ing to contact said pad with said sheets i201ingjsaidsheets-'against -saidmasterlleaf having a diameterdedualto? sthatof, said -upper cylinder, fsaidcylihders being --intergeared, -lsaid lower-f cylinderhhaying- `af--ga'p Lits-periphery, said lower cylinder having lits periphery composed of a'blan- -fo'r supplying said solvent to said -pad, means vto 2125#lietdffresilient-'materiah-saidllowerfcylinderhav- "ing 'inea-ns Wltllns'aid gap to mount Said b'li'tlket thereonS andito-ldemount 4it therefrom, said lower -vcyli'f-i'derle-ihaving a rotatable bari for: securing ith'e 'terminal-of said blanket theretdand a-pawlf'and pad, and fmeans to selectivelycut off the flow of lsnflrache't Mxvvhe'rewith to "s'etfsaidlb'ar .forstretching -sa'id solvent at one of said places.

19; A duplicating machine having the combina- -ti'on of an upper rotatable cylinder for carrying a master leaf, mea-ns for directing sheets under applying solvent to said sheets located above vsaid directing means, a framing, a casing for retaining said pad being receivable into and removable from vvsaid cylinder, a lower rotatable cylinder for press-i@Kibri-thereupon directingish'eets underlthe'cylinder, ing said sheets against said master leaf, a -pad for said tableicarryingrn'eans for guiding said. sheets -laterallyaS/lwer rotatable cylinder forl pressing said fsheets againstisaid lmasterzle'af, saidv table ibein'g shiftablelin a .motion :of translatlonmclasaid framing, mechanism to actuatesaid framing 1,01tivelyftoii said. cylinders flaterally,wand means to to contact saidpad with -said 'sheets during rotation of said cylinders and to move saidpadaway for feeding said sheets, rand means' for locking said casing within said framing.

Iin'dicat-efthe :degree :ofisaid ylateral shifting.

541A -solvent applyin'g duplicating .machine fh 'ing the .fcombinaticncf 1an upper rotatable fcylrder Ifor' 1 carrying i fai masterv leaf, means `for 20. A duplicating machine having the combin'a- 45 directingfaisheet under 'zsaid cylinder., a `device tion of an upper rotatablecylinder for carrying a masterl leaf, means for directing 'sheets undersaid cylinder, a lower rotatable cylinder for pressing said sheets againstsaid master leaf having a cylinders -beirig Yintergeared, Ameans to drive said cylinders, said lower cylinder carrying within it a rock shaft, said shaft carrying a plurality of blades adapted to grip the leading ends of `said foverr ysaid. directing means forv :applying -solvent f-uponisaid sheets, anlower @rotatable-.cylinder yfor cpressing'ssad sheet against :said: master leaf. inf'tergeared withr and :having :a diameter I'equal -to diametereq'ualto that of said'upper cylinder, sami-50 "that of said; upper cylinder, means towdrive'rsaid cylinders, said lower cylinder `carryingrwithin it audevice 7for, gripping the leading end 'of saidsheet to lits lperiphery and VKto 11=e1ease :isaid gripping, Tand :meansioperatingsaid*grippingldevice to consheets to the periphery of said lower cylinder and" 55 iductssaid `e'n'dinto thesbight'nfrsaidicylindersland to release said'grip, mechanism for rockingisaid shaft, and said mechanism being actuated by said Ydriving means.

21. A solvent applying 'duplicating machine "tov frelease it upon its emergence :from said `bight.

226; A fsolvent applying #duplicating machine yhaving the :combination of f fan' Iupper rotatable -cylinder Iforficarrying Va master sleaf, mean's'for having the combination of an upper `rotatable Boadire'cting-ba lsheet underisaidcylinder, a device cylinder for carrying a master leaf, means for directing sheets under said-cylinder, a deviceover said directing means -for applying solvent upon said sheets, a lower rotatable cylinder for pressing ameter equal to that-of said upper cylinder, said rcylinders being intergeared, said lower Cylinder 'said sheets against Said master leaf having-a '11i-"65 lt'olthat-o'l 'saidiiipperidylindermeansfto drivelsaid fs'lieet-ftoelit peripheryialnd Ato -relea-se said .gripresilient material, `and said lower cylinderlhaving'70"ping, 'said-lower cylinder carrying 1an-*abutment 'means within said gap to mount said blanket thereon and to demount'it therefrom.

' 22. A -solvent applying duplicating Imachine having-the combinationof an--upper rotatable, "CylinderfOTCI'l'Ynea'maSfVliafameansf01"75-ndenduct itiinto the big'h't-fofv-said cylinders ffor aid-lend, said abutment beingfldisposed vto #dperativei position upon said Iarrest -of Vthe cylin- -ders,-and means operatingfsaid gripping device gripsaidendflat locationffof said .abutment and release it upon its emergence from said bight.

27. A solvent applying duplicating machine' having the combination of an upper rotatable cylinder for carrying a master leaf, means for directing a sheet under said cylinder, a device over said directing means for applying solvent upon said sheets, a lower rotatable cylinder for pressing said sheet against said master leaf being ntergeared with and having a diameter equal to that of said upper cylinder, means to drive said cylinders, means to arrest the rotation of said cylinders, and means carried by said lower cylinder operating said device to apply solvent to the sheet during rotation of said cylinders and to move said device away from said lower cylinder during said arrest of said cylinders.

28. A solvent applying duplicating machine having the combination of an upper rotatable cylinder for carrying a master leaf, means in front of said cylinder for directing sheets under the cylinder, a device over said directing means for applying solvent upon said sheets, a lower rotatable cylinder for pressing said sheets against said master leaf having a diameter equal to that of said upper cylinder to prevent impairment of the flatness of said solvent treated sheets, and means to positively drive each of said cylinders at same speed to prevent relative slippage of their peripheries.

29. A solvent applying duplicating machine having the combination of an upper rotatable cylinder for carrying a master leaf, means for directing sheets under said cylinder, a device over said directing means for applying solvent upon said sheets, a lower rotatable cylinder having a diameter equal to that of said upper cylinder for pressing said sheets against said master leaf to prevent impairment of the atness of said solvent treated sheets, said lower cylinder having a gap therein and its periphery composed of a blanket of resilient material, said lower cylinder having means in said gap to mount said blanket thereon and to demount it therefrom, and means to positively drive each of said cylinders at same speed to prevent slippage of either of said cylinders relatively to the other.

30. A solvent applying duplicating machine having the combination of an upper rotatable cylinder for carrying a master leaf, means for directing sheets under said cylinder, a device over said directing means for applying solvent upon said sheets, a lower rotatable cylinder for pressing said sheets against said master leaf having a diameter equal to that of said upper cylinder to prevent impairment of the flatness of said solvent treated sheets, said lower cylinder having a gap therein and its periphery composed of a blanket of resilient material, said lower cylinder having means in said gap to mount said blanket thereon and to demount it therefrom, said lower cylinder having means in said gap to stretch said blanket while it is in mounted condition thereon, and means to positively drive each of said cylinders at same speed to prevent slippage yof the periphery of either of said cylinders relatively to the other.

31. A solvent applying duplicating machine having the combination of an upper rotatable cylinder for carrying a master leaf, means for directing sheets under said cylinder, a device over said directing means for applying solvent upon said sheets, a lower rotatable cylinder for pressing said sheets against said master leaf having a diameter equal to that of said upper cylinder to prevent impairment of the flatness of said solvent treated sheets, said lower cylinder havingA a gap therein and its periphery composed of a blanket of resilient material, said lower cylinder having means in said gap to stretch said blanket while it is in mounted condition thereon, and means to positively drive each of said cylinders at same speed to prevent slippage of the periphery of either of said cylinders relatively to the other.

HARRY HERMANN. 

